MultiState analysis finds that state-level data center legislation is producing conflicts with local zoning authority as municipalities attempt to impose their own restrictions on facility siting, noise, and utility connections. Some state legislatures have moved to preempt local rules in favor of uniform statewide standards, while others have left local governments with broad discretion. The tension is slowing project timelines in markets including the mid-Atlantic, Midwest, and Pacific Northwest. Developers and local governments are expected to increasingly contest jurisdictional boundaries in court.