The Tennessee Valley Authority is advancing rate changes that would increase electricity bills for data center customers while shielding residential ratepayers from higher charges. The restructuring reflects growing pressure on utilities to ensure large industrial loads, not households, bear the cost of grid expansion driven by data center demand. TVA serves a multi-state region across the Southeast, and the rate shift would affect any hyperscale or colocation operators drawing power from the authority. The decision sets a potential model for other public utilities weighing how to allocate infrastructure costs as AI-driven electricity demand accelerates.